{"product_id":"light-shadow-penumbra-fair-test-science-unit-grades-4-6","title":"Light, Shadow \u0026 Penumbra | Shadow Size, Light Paths \u0026 Fair Tests | Physical Science Unit | Grades 4–6","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLight, Shadow \u0026amp; Penumbra\u003c\/strong\u003e is a no-prep, hands-on physical science unit on light and shadows: six differentiated worksheets in a 12-page student book, plus a 7-page teacher guide with a four-phase lesson plan, differentiation notes and model answers.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll you need is an LED flashlight, an opaque object, a screen and a ruler. Students keep the object-to-screen distance fixed, change only the lamp distance and measure what happens to the shadow. They sketch boundary rays, use two lamps to separate full shadow from partial shadow by counting which lamps reach each region, find the flaw in an experiment where two things changed at once, and take the idea outside to explain long and short shadows through the height of the Sun.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eWhat's Included\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e12-page student book with six differentiated worksheets (Discover · Practise · Apply)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKnowledge page with illustration and key text\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImage lab: describe, explain and link a picture to a key term\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInvestigation and extension tasks\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLearning check, self-assessment and a personal learning route\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e7-page teacher guide: rationale, learning goals and a four-phase lesson (Engage · Explore · Practise · Reflect) with timings\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDifferentiation and diagnosis notes for foundation, core and extension\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eModel answers for all six worksheets and the image lab\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrint-ready PDF (A4; prints on US Letter with fit-to-page)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eWorksheet Sequence\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eObserve a shadow\u003c\/strong\u003e — light travels in straight lines and an opaque object blocks it\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eChange distances\u003c\/strong\u003e — closer lamp, bigger shadow, with only one variable changed\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSketch light paths\u003c\/strong\u003e — boundary rays as a model\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTwo light sources\u003c\/strong\u003e — full shadow, partial shadow and fully lit regions\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eExperiment error\u003c\/strong\u003e — spotting a test where two variables changed\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eShadows outside\u003c\/strong\u003e — long and short shadows and the height of the Sun\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eStudents Will Learn To\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edistinguish full shadow (umbra) from partial shadow (penumbra)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003einvestigate how the lamp distance changes the size of a shadow\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eplan and interpret a fair experiment that changes one variable at a time\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003ePerfect For\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eElementary and middle school science (Grades 4–6)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLight and energy units\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eScience fair and fair-test practice\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSTEM labs with simple equipment\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHomeschool science\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eWhy Teachers Choose This Unit\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA complete sequence, not a set of loose worksheets\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEvery task has a written model answer\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDifferentiated so the whole class works on the same goal with different amounts of support\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIllustrations used as discussion prompts, with facts checked against the text or a real model\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePlan 4–6 lessons and teach straight from the PDF\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCreated with AI assistance: ChatGPT (OpenAI) and Claude (Anthropic). All materials were reviewed and edited by a qualified teacher before publication.\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eFrequently Asked Questions\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWhat equipment do I need?\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn LED flashlight, an opaque object, a screen or wall and a ruler. A second flashlight is needed for the two-light-source worksheet.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIs it safe?\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYes, with the usual rule the unit repeats: do not stare into bright light or look at the Sun.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDoes it teach fair testing?\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYes. Students change one variable, keep the others fixed, and diagnose an experiment where two variables changed at once.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHow is it delivered?\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs an instant digital download after checkout. Nothing is shipped.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Teach Lessons","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":58595078865240,"sku":null,"price":19.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0882\/5667\/6184\/files\/04_Physik_Schatten_EN_Thumbnail_A4.png?v=1790782433","url":"https:\/\/teachlessons.us\/products\/light-shadow-penumbra-fair-test-science-unit-grades-4-6","provider":"Teach Lessons","version":"1.0","type":"link"}